NEET Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (FMT) Practice Test 2025 – The Comprehensive All-in-One Guide to Exam Success!

The condition indicated by a congested face and a high incidence of cyanosis in forensic cases is asphyxia. Asphyxia refers to a state in which the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply, leading to a range of symptoms including difficulty in breathing, which can result from various causes such as choking, drowning, or smothering.

In cases of asphyxia, the lack of oxygen leads to hypoxia (low oxygen levels) and hypercapnia (increased carbon dioxide levels), causing the face to appear congested due to the accumulation of blood in the vessels, often leading to a characteristic cyanotic appearance, particularly around the lips and face. This is due to the deoxygenated blood, which gives the skin a bluish discoloration.

Other conditions like hemorrhage, electrocution, and beating injuries do not specifically account for the combination of facial congestion and cyanosis in the same way that asphyxia does. Hemorrhage typically results in pallor rather than a congested appearance, and while it may coexist with signs of asphyxia, it is not the primary indicator. Electrocution can result in various injuries but doesn't usually present with cyanosis as a primary feature, and beating injuries could lead to